Angela Merkel

Biography

Merkel grew up behind the Iron Curtain, entered politics at reunification, and methodically outlasted every rival — including the men who mentored her. Through the euro crisis, the 2015 refugee decision ('Wir schaffen das') and four U.S. presidents, her analytical calm defined an era of European politics.

German politician and former research scientist who led Germany and anchored European politics for sixteen years.

Known for

Sixteen years as Germany's first female chancellor (2005-2021).

Notable works & defining projects

• Chancellorship (2005–2021)
• CDU leadership (2000–2018)
• Freedom (memoir, 2024)

Notable achievements

• Served as chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021 — the country's first woman in the role
• Led the Christian Democratic Union from 2000 to 2018
• Holds a doctorate in quantum chemistry

Timeline

1. 1990Entered politics after the fall of the Berlin Wall
2. 2000Became leader of the CDU
3. 2005Became Germany's first female chancellor — and held the job for 16 years

Did you know?

• She earned a doctorate in quantum chemistry and worked as a research scientist in East Germany before politics
• Her unflappable style earned her the nickname 'Mutti' (Mummy) in German public life